Feds formalize enhanced oil recovery tax credit flip-flop in spring economic update

But 10 days after the budget passed the House of Commons, Ottawa extended the tax credit to enhanced oil recovery projects in its energy memorandum of understanding with Alberta.

The flip-flop cost Prime Minister Mark Carney a cabinet minister when Steven Guilbeault resigned the day the Alberta MOU was announced.

Enhanced oil recovery is a carbon capture and storage technology — or CCUS — that captures carbon dioxide from industrial emitters and injects it underground at oilfields.

The increased pressure pushes more oil out of the rock, while the carbon dioxide is trapped underground.

The spring economic update lays out the criteria for accessing the tax credit in Alberta and other provinces where there are “sufficient regulations to ensure CO2 is permanently stored,” such as B.C. and Saskatchewan.

Ottawa projects the measure, which takes effect immediately, will generate $395 million in federal revenue over the next three years.

Green Party Leader Elizabeth May disputed the claim that the measure would create any revenue at all, calling the assertion “misleading.”

“I really did drill down on this quite a lot in our questioning to finance officials because there’s no way that an increased subsidy to oil and gas doesn’t cost Canadians taxpayers money,” May said.

Environmentalists see the extension of the tax credits to enhanced oil recovery as a direct subsidy of oil production, while the industry says tax credits are not subsidies.

In the 2025 budget, Ottawa extended by five years tax credits for oil and gas companies to build CCUS systems — which it projected would cost taxpayers $3 billion — before enhanced oil recovery was eligible for CCUS credits.

Bloc Québécois leader Yves-François Blanchet also criticized the measure on Tuesday, saying Canadians are effectively subsidizing the oil and gas sector for extracting. He said the subsidies wouldn’t end once the resources are extracted, however.

“What will be extracted from the ground will be, in time, conveyed through new pipelines, which will be paid by public money,” Blanchet told reporters.

“Because, by themselves, that infrastructure and pipeline would never be profitable. So the government comes to the rescue, pretending to do something to make Canada stronger. But it will just dig deeper and deeper the deficit.”

Mark Scholz, president of the Canadian Association of Energy Contractors, told reporters late last year including enhanced oil recovery in carbon capture credits was a “game-changer” for the industry and would put Canada in a much better competitive position for investment compared to the U.S.

“We think that this measure will help to store more carbon,” federal Finance Minister François-Philippe Champagne told reporters at a news conference Tuesday.

“We need to do more in order to make sure that we would be able to store more carbon. But at the same time, if you look at the state of the world today, you realize that Canada is increasingly that stable, predictable partner of choice when it comes to energy security.”

In the spring economic update, the government said the credit rate for carbon capture and storage through enhanced oil recovery would be half of the rate for storing carbon geologically or in concrete.

Equipment being used for both conventional carbon capture and for enhanced oil recovery is also eligible for tax breaks “on a weighted-average basis” depending on how much carbon is being captured through each method.

Storage equipment in an enhanced oil recovery capture project, however, would not be pro-rated.

The issue of making EOR eligible for tax credits has been a political hot potato for Prime Minister Mark Carney. Guilbeault resigned from cabinet in November over it. He was the heritage minister when he resigned, but spent four years as environment minister and was the architect of much of the Liberal climate plan.

Guilbeault, a prominent climate activist, had received assurances from Carney’s office the tax credits for enhanced oil recovery would not be in the budget or added to it afterwards, sources told The Canadian Press at the time. Guilbeault had also been dispatched to win Elizabeth May’s support for Carney’s first budget.

May had heard rumours the government was going to reverse that decision, and it was one of the things keeping her from supporting the budget — until Guilbeault gave her his word that would not happen. She voted for the budget — a key vote the Liberals needed at the time, when they still had only a minority government.

May later told The Canadian Press the reversal amounted to a “significant betrayal” which had her questioning the worth of Carney’s word.

“I feel like I have been involved in multiple hit and run accidents involving a bulldozer,” May said Tuesday in response to a question of how the government has pushed its agenda through, even without a majority.

Carney no longer needs to pacify any opposition MPs as he now governs with a majority, with five MPs crossing the floor to the Liberals since November.

Tuesday’s economic update also included $3 billion over five years for Global Affairs Canada, and another $168 million to Environment and Climate Change Canada to deliver “climate-related supports to vulnerable countries.”

It also pledged money to the Canadian Climate Institute to host a “sustainable finance conference in the coming year,” to discuss investment opportunities in Canada.

The report by The Canadian Press was first published April 28, 2026.